如何由公元纪年推算干支纪年

杜夏英 · 发表于 2009-8-15 22:26:10

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如何由公元纪年推算干支纪年<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p>

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公元纪年和干支纪年是我国现行并用的两种纪年法。现在国际上通用的公历纪元，是从所谓的耶稣出生之年算起，这一年以前的年份叫公元前某年，以后的年份叫公元某年。公元纪年是近代由西方传入我国的一种新纪年法。1949年9月27日,中国人民政治协商会议第一届全体会议通过使用“公元纪年法”，中国正式与世界通用的纪年法接轨。 <o:p></o:p>

干支纪年法是中国传统的纪年法，即十个天干和十二个地支按一定顺序配合组成。周而复始，循环不已。历史上的一些重大事件常用它来表示，如“辛酉政变”“甲午中日战争”、“戊戌变法”、“辛丑条约”、“辛亥革命”等等。<o:p></o:p>

那么如何推算公元某年是干支纪年哪一年呢？<o:p></o:p>

首先我们要了解干支纪年法。干支纪年法是指由十个天干即甲、乙、丙、丁、戊、己、庚、辛、壬、癸，和十二地支即子、丑、寅、卯、辰、巳、午、未、申、酉、戌、亥依次相配，组成六十个基本单位，以此作为年的序号。它们的组合依次是：<o:p></o:p>

 甲子 乙丑 丙寅 丁卯 戊辰 己巳 庚午 辛未 壬申 癸酉 <o:p></o:p>

 甲戌 乙亥 丙子 丁丑 戊寅 己卯 庚辰 辛巳 壬午 癸未<o:p></o:p>

 甲申 乙酉 丙戌 丁亥 戊子 己丑 庚寅 辛卯 壬辰 癸巳 <o:p></o:p>

 甲午 乙未 丙申 丁酉 戊戌 己亥 庚子 辛丑 壬寅 癸卯<o:p></o:p>

 甲辰 乙巳 丙午 丁未 戊申 己酉 庚戌 辛亥 壬子 癸丑 <o:p></o:p>

甲寅 乙卯 丙辰 丁巳 戊午 己未 庚申 辛酉 壬戌 癸亥<o:p></o:p>

推算分公元后和公元前两种方法。<o:p></o:p>

方法一：已知公元后某年，求该年的干支。<o:p></o:p>

步骤 ①先求天干：所求公元年数的个位是几，就从表一找该数字所对应的天干；②后求地支：让所求公元年数除以12得出余数，余数是几，就从表一中寻找该余数所对应的地支。<o:p></o:p>

例1：求1861的干支。它的个位数是1，1在表一天干中对应的是“辛”，即1861年的天干是“辛”；1861÷12余数也是1，1所对应的地支是酉，所以1861年是辛酉年。<o:p></o:p>

例2：求2004年的干支。该年的个位数是4，4所对应的天干是甲；2004÷12余数是0，0所对应的地支是申。所以2004年是甲申年。<o:p></o:p>

附表一：公元元年后的公元与干支对应表 <o:p></o:p>

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序号<o:p></o:p>
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4<o:p></o:p>
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5<o:p></o:p>
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6<o:p></o:p>
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7<o:p></o:p>
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8<o:p></o:p>
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9<o:p></o:p>
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0<o:p></o:p>
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1<o:p></o:p>
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2<o:p></o:p>
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3<o:p></o:p>
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天干<o:p></o:p>
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甲<o:p></o:p>
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乙<o:p></o:p>
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丙<o:p></o:p>
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丁<o:p></o:p>
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戊<o:p></o:p>
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己<o:p></o:p>
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庚<o:p></o:p>
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辛<o:p></o:p>
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壬<o:p></o:p>
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癸<o:p></o:p>
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4<o:p></o:p>
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5<o:p></o:p>
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6<o:p></o:p>
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7<o:p></o:p>
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8<o:p></o:p>
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9<o:p></o:p>
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11<o:p></o:p>
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1<o:p></o:p>
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<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 1cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid .25pt; mso-border-top-alt: double 1.5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid .75pt; mso-border-color-alt: windowtext" width=38>
2<o:p></o:p>
</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 1cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid .25pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: double 1.5pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid 1.5pt; mso-border-color-alt: windowtext" width=38>
3<o:p></o:p>
</TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 3; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1.5pt solid; WIDTH: 35.05pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .75pt" width=47>
地支<o:p></o:p>
</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 1cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: 1.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: 1.5pt; mso-border-top-alt: .75pt; mso-border-right-alt: .75pt; mso-border-color-alt: windowtext; mso-border-style-alt: solid" width=38>
子<o:p></o:p>
</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 1cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .75pt" width=38>
丑<o:p></o:p>
</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 1cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .75pt" width=38>
寅<o:p></o:p>
</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 1cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .75pt" width=38>
卯<o:p></o:p>
</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 1cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .75pt" width=38>
辰<o:p></o:p>
</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 1cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .75pt" width=38>
巳<o:p></o:p>
</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 1cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .75pt" width=38>
午<o:p></o:p>
</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 1cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .75pt" width=38>
未<o:p></o:p>
</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 1cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .75pt" width=38>
申<o:p></o:p>
</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 1cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: 1.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: .75pt; mso-border-right-alt: .25pt; mso-border-color-alt: windowtext; mso-border-style-alt: solid" width=38>
酉<o:p></o:p>
</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 1cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: 1.5pt; mso-border-left-alt: .25pt; mso-border-top-alt: .75pt; mso-border-right-alt: .75pt; mso-border-color-alt: windowtext; mso-border-style-alt: solid" width=38>
戌<o:p></o:p>
</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 1cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1.5pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .25pt" width=38>
亥<o:p></o:p>
</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
 <o:p></o:p>

方法二：求公元前某年的干支。<o:p></o:p>

步骤 ①求天干：所求公元前年数的个位是几，就从表二中找该数字所对应的天干；②求地支：让所求公元前年数除以12得出余数，余数是几，就从表二中寻找该余数所对应的地支。<o:p></o:p>

例1：求公元前1070年的干支。该年的个位数是0，0所对应的天干是“辛”；1070÷12余数是2，2所对应的地支是“未”。所以2004年是辛未年。<o:p></o:p>

例2：求公元前206年的干支。它的个位数是6，6在表一天干中对应的是“乙”，即公元前206年的天干是“辛”；206÷12余数也是2，2所对应的地支是“未”，所以1861年是乙未年。<o:p></o:p>

 <o:p></o:p>

附表二：公元前的公元与干支对应表 <o:p></o:p>

<DIV align=center>
<TABLE class=MsoNormalTable style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-insideh: .75pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .75pt solid windowtext" cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=1>
<TBODY>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 0; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-row-margin-right: 2.0cm">
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 1.5pt solid; WIDTH: 35.05pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext .75pt" width=47>
序号<o:p></o:p>
</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 1cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-bottom-alt: .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: 1.5pt; mso-border-top-alt: 1.5pt; mso-border-right-alt: .75pt; mso-border-color-alt: windowtext; mso-border-style-alt: solid" width=38>
7<o:p></o:p>
</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 1cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt" width=38>
6<o:p></o:p>
</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 1cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt" width=38>
5<o:p></o:p>
</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 1cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt" width=38>
4<o:p></o:p>
</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 1cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt" width=38>
3<o:p></o:p>
</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 1cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt" width=38>
2<o:p></o:p>
</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 1cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt" width=38>
1<o:p></o:p>
</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 1cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt" width=38>
0<o:p></o:p>
</TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; WIDTH: 1cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt" width=38>
<SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-

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[复习方法] 如何由公元纪年推算干支纪年

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